Xa ukhulisa inja, ndiyakholelwa ukuba abanini-zilwanyana abaninzi banxunguphele kakhulu. Loluphi uhloboukutya kwenjailunge ngakumbi kwizinja? Makhe ndikufundise indlela yokukhetha ukutya kwenja okulungileyo!
1, Khethaukutya kwenjangokusekelwe kwiqela lobudala
Ukutya kwenja ngokuqhelekileyo kwahlulahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu: ukutya kwenjana, ukutya kwenja yabantu abadala, kunye nokutya kwenja ephezulu. Kukho iiyantlukwano kumthamo wokufunxa kunye neemfuno zesondlo sezinja zeminyaka eyahlukeneyo. Ukuba zonke izinja zondliwa uhlobo olunye lokutya kwezinja, zisenokuthwaxwa kukungondleki okanye ukungondleki.
Ukutya kwenjana: ilungele iinjana ezilunyulweyo ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezi-3 ubudala
Ukutya kwenja yabantu abadala: kulungele izinja ezingaphezu kweenyanga ezi-8 ubudala
Qaphela: Izinja ezincinci zinexesha lokuqala le-estrus kwaye zinokutya ukutya kwenja yabantu abadala ukusuka kwiinyanga ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 ubudala. Izinja eziphakathi ukuya kwezinkulu zinexesha le-estrus kade kwaye zinokutya ukutya kwenja yabantu abadala ukusuka kwiinyanga ezili-10 ukuya kunyaka omnye ubudala.
2Iinkozo zasimahla, zorhwebo, kunye neenkozo zendalo
Kukho iindidi ezimbini ezipheleleyo zokutya kwezinja kwimarike: i-grain-free kunye nendalo Ngoko ke luhlobo luni lokutya kwezinja olulungele izinja? Ngezantsi, ndiza kuyihlalutya kumntu wonke.
1. Iinkozo-simahla
Uphawu lokutya okungekho ngqolowa, njengentsingiselo yalo yokoqobo, kukuba ukutya kwenja akuqulathanga nakuphi na ukutya okuziinkozo kwaye endaweni yoko kusebenzisa ezinye izityalo zamanzi ekhabhoni, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno, enje ngeembotyi kunye neetapile, ukuthatha indawo yengqolowa enegluten. njengengqolowa.
Uncedo lokutya ukutya okungenazinkozo:
(1) Nciphisa umngcipheko wokwaliwa okuziinkozo kwizinja ezithile kwaye wenze kube lula ukufunxa
(2) Inokuthintela ngempumelelo izinja ekufumaneni i-spikes ngequbuliso kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi emva kokutya kunye nokuthintela ukutyeba.
(3) Akulula ukwenza iingxaki zesisu
2. Iinkozo zendalo
Ukutya kwenja yendalo luhlobo lokutya ngaphandle kwezithinteli ezongeziweyo ezifana ne-antibiotics, iihomoni, ii-pigments zokwenziwa, kunye ne-synthetic inducers. Iimathiriyeli zokutya kwezinja zendalo zivela kwindalo, kunye nesondlo esityebileyo kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokufunxa.
Iingenelo zokutya iinkozo zendalo:
(1) Inokuyiphucula inkqubo yokuzikhusela yenja.
(2) Ukomeleza ukomelela komzimba kunye nokwandisa ubomi.
(3) ikhuselekile kwaye inezondlo ngokupheleleyo.
3, Indlela yokukhetha ukutya kwenja elungileyo?
1. Jonga kuluhlu lwesithako
Ngokwemigangatho kazwelonke, uluhlu lwesithako sokutya ngalunye kufuneka luhlelwe ngobunzima, ngokuqala ngowona mxholo uphezulu.
(1) Eyokuqala ifanele ibe yinyama
Ukutya kwenja ngumxube wenyama kunye nezityalo, kodwa ubukhulu becala inyama. Ukuba inyama ibhalwe yenkukhu, eyenkomo, okanye intlanzi, loo nto ibonisa ukuba ukutya kwenja okunjalo kukutya kwenja.
Amanye amashishini, ukuze afihle iziphene ekutyeni kwezinja, avele abhale ngeenkukhu nenyama engazi ukuba luhlobo luni lwenyama!
(2) Umlinganiselo ophawulweyo wemathiriyeli ekrwada
Uluhlu lwesithako sokutya kwezinja kufanele ukuba lube nomlinganiselo wemathiriyeli ekrwada. Kukutya kwenja okufumaneka esidlangalaleni, kufuneka kubonise ukuzithemba kwimveliso kwaye kubonise ukuvuma ukwamkela ukubeka iliso. Uninzi lwezithako zilungele ukutya kwenja.
2. Jonga uhlalutyo lwesithako
(1) Iproteni ekrwada
Ukutya kwasekhaya kunemigangatho yelizwe, kwaye imigangatho ngaphakathi yeyona iphantsi. Ukutya kwenja embi kakhulu kwakhona kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno zangaphakathi, kwizinja ezindala ≥ 18% kunye neenjana ≥ 22%.
Iikati azinazo iimfuno zeprotheyini eziphezulu njengeekati, kodwa ukuba izinja zidla iprotheni encinci, inokuchaphazela ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwabo. Ukuba izinja zisebenzisa iiprotheyini ezininzi, kunokubangela umthwalo omkhulu kwisibindi kunye nezintso, okukhokelela kwisifo sesibindi kunye nokusilela kwezintso.
Ngoko xa ukhetha ukutya kwenja kwizinja, umthamo weprotheyini uphakathi kwe-22% kunye ne-35%.
(2) Amafutha akrwada
"Amafutha akrwada" ekutyeni kwenja, aziwa njenge "oyile", anokunceda izinja ukukhusela ulusu kunye neenwele kunye nokukhuthaza ukufunxwa kwevithamin ADE enyibilikisiweyo, kodwa akufuneki ukuba igqithise.
Umgangatho wesizwe wamafutha akrwada ngu ≥ 5.0% kwizinja ezindala kunye ≥ 8.0% kwintshontsho.
Ngokubanzi, ukukhetha ukutya kwenja enamafutha aphakathi kwanele, kunye noluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-13% ukuya kwi-18%. Izinja ezinamafutha aphezulu zinokukhula ngokulula isibindi esinamafutha, i-pancreatitis, ilindle elithambileyo, kunye nokutyeba.
(3) Isiqulatho sothuthu olurhabaxa
Umlotha onqabileyo yinxalenye engenakuphetshwa yinkqubo yangoku xa zonke izinto eziphilayo zitshiswa kwaye zixutywe kwi-oxidized kwi-furnace yobushushu obuphezulu kwi-550-600 ° C kwiisampuli zokutya kwezinja.
Isiqulatho sothuthu olurhabaxa ekutyeni okusemgangathweni kwezinja kuzwelonke ≤ 10%.
ukutya kwenja okukumgangatho ophezulu nokukhuselekileyo okunothuthu olurhabaxa olungekho ngaphezulu kwe-10%. Isizathu sokuseta isalathisi somlotha onqabileyo kukuthintela abarhwebi abangathembekanga ukuba bangeze ixabiso eliphantsi, izithako ezingenazo izondlo ekudleni kwezinja.
(4) Ifiber ekrwada
Ifayibha yeyona nto iphambili kwiindonga zeeseli zesityalo, kubandakanya i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, i-lignin, kunye ne-keratin. Izinja zi-omnivores, kwaye ukutya isixa esifanelekileyo sokutya okunefiber erhabaxa kuluncedo.
Iintsinga zinokufunxa amanzi kwaye zonyuse ukuhlutha kwenja.
Ifayibha inokuvuselela i-peristalsis yamathumbu, incede izinja ngokuqhinwa ukuze zikhuphe ilindle, kwaye yenze inkqubo yazo yokwetyisa ihambe kakuhle.
Ixabiso lefiber ekrwada ekutyeni okusemgangathweni kwezinja kuzwelonke yi ≤ 9%.
(5) Ikloridi enyibilikayo emanzini
Iikloridi ezinyibilikayo emanzini, ezaziwa ngokuba sisiqulatho setyuwa, zifuna ukuba izinja zitye isixa esithile setyuwa yonke imihla kodwa akufuneki ukuba idliwe ngokugqithisileyo; ngaphandle koko, kunokukhokelela ngokulula kwiingxaki ezifana neempawu zokukrazula kunye neenwele ezirhabaxa.
Umgangatho kazwelonke we-chloride enyibilikayo emanzini ngu ≥ 0.09% kwizinja ezindala kunye ≥ 0.45% kwintshontsho.
(6) Umlinganiselo weCalcium-phosphorus
I-calcium-phosphorus ratio imalunga ne-1:1 ukuya ku-2:1, kunye ne-optimal ratio ye-1.2:1.
Owona mgangatho usezantsi wemigangatho yesizwe ngulo:
I-calcium ≥ 0.6% (izinja ezindala), i-calcium ≥ 1.0% (iinjana), i-phosphorus iyonke ≥ 0.5% (izinja ezindala), i-phosphorus iyonke ≥ 0.8% (imidlwana)
3. Jonga ingxelo yovavanyo
Xa ukhetha ukutya kwenja, ukutya kwekati okufanelekileyo kuphela kunokukhethwa ngokujonga uluhlu lwezithako kunye noluhlu lwesithako. Ukufumana ukutya kwenja okungcono, amashishini kufuneka anike ingxelo yokuvavanya ukutya kwenja. Iibrendi ezincinci zinamandla okulawula umgangatho obuthathaka kwaye zityekele kwimiba esemgangathweni, njengezithako zesondlo ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nokubhaqwa okugqithisileyo kwe-Aspergillus flavus.
Ke ezi mpawu zincinci zidla ngokungachazi iingxelo zovavanyo kwaye kufuneka zizame ukukhetha ukutya kwenja ngolwazi oluphezulu elubala kunye neengxelo zokuhlola.
Kukwakho neempawu ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye izinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni kwezinja nazo ziyakucaca, zenze izinja zizive zikhululekile xa zisitya.
